Cylinder structure for internalcombustion engines



Aug. 7, 195] Filed NOV. 7, 1947 K. E. LYMAN 2 Sheets-Shet 1 Aug. 7, 1951K. E. LYMAN 2,563,348

CYLINDER STRUCTURE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov. 7, 1947 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Aug. 7, 1951 CYLINDER STRUCTURE OR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES e h L man, C signs; to Tucker Corporation, Chicago,111., a corporation of Delaware Application November 7, 1947, Serial No.'784,543

This invention relates to cylinder structures f r int rnal combustionengines a more particularly to a cylinder block construction havaunitary head.

It the usual practice in engines to form the cylinder block and the headseparately and to connect them by means of belts or machine screws, Inengines of this type the valve mechis ordinaril assembl d d rectly oneither the head or the block with the valve seats formed in or inserteddirectly in the head or the block. This type of construction isexpensive to construct and assemble and requires that the engine bealmost completely dismantled to repair or replace any of the parts.

It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide a cylinderstructure which is simple and inexpensive to construct and in which theassociated parts can easily be assembled.

Another object is to provide a cylinder structure which is formed withopenings to receive separate valve units and which has side ports toconnect with the valve units. According to one feature the cylinderstructure may be formed with passages to conduct oil to or away from thevalve units to insure proper lubrication.

Still another object is to provide a cylinder structure in which thecylinder block is cast around a cylinder sleeve and includes an integralhead portion extending across one end of the sleeve. The head portionpreferably is formed with openings to receive the valve units and withports extending through the sides thereof communicating with the valveopenings.

The above and other objects and advantages of the invention will becomemore readily apparent from the following detailed description when readin connection with the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a central section through a cylinder construction embodyingthe invention; and Figure 2 is an end view of the cylinder block.

As shown in Figure 1 the cylinder construction of the present inventionis adapted to form a part of an engine including a crankcase I formedwith a series of openings II to connect to the several cylinders. Thecrank-case may contain the usual crankshaft not shown for connection topistons workings in the cylinders.

The cylinder construction comprises a plu- '3 Q aim (Cl. 123=. 3)

ral ty of ubula sleev s l; which ma be iermed of a relative y hard matera such as steel or bronze, .or which may h ormed of a li ht terialcoated with a harde mater al o farm a wearing surface. Each sleeve isopen at both ends an formed its oute snriace .adiaee its ends with a see o ro ves 43 o similar inden ations o is tate lock n he sleev theblack.

A plurality of sleeves are preferably contained in a singular blockstructure which may be cast around the sleeves and which is preferablyformed of a relatively light material, such as aluminum alloy. As shownthe block comprises a base portion l4 cast closely around the inner endof the cylinder and formed with an outwardly extending flange to receivescrews l5 for securing the block to the crankcase. The block includesside wall portions is which are spaced from the central portions of thecylinder sleeves to provide a cooling jacket. Preferably, as shown inFigure 2, the block side wall curves inward between adjacent sleeves toprovide a cooling jacket of more nearly uniform section throughout thelength of the block. The block further includes an integral head portionl1 extending across the outer end of the cylinder.

At the opposite sides of the head portion is formed with upwardlyextended angular bosses I8 which are formed with cylindrical openings l9therethrough. At the outer sides of the block ports 2| are formedcommunicating with the cylindrical openings l9 intermediate their endsand opening at the outer surfaces of the block. Manifolds 22 may extendalong the opposite sides of the block and may be formed with sideopenings 23 to register respectively with the ports 2|. To secure themanifolds to the block they are formed with flanges 24 around theppmings 23 through which bolts 25 may extend into the block. As shownthe casting is cored out to provide continuations of the cooling jacketextending around the ports as shown at 2B.

The openings I9 are adapted to receive valve cage assemblies as moreparticularly described and claimed in my co-pendingapplication SerialNo. 781,664 filed October 23, 1947, now abandoned.

In order to supply lubrication to the valve units or to carry awayexcess lubrication therefrom the block is formed with passages 21extending beside the openings l9 and communicating with the outer endsof the openings through ports 28. The openings are connected by a crosspassage 29 formed in a web or bridge 3| extending between the adjacentbosses I8. When the valve units are installed lubrication may be forcedinto them through the passages 21 and ports 28 and may flow between themthrough the passages 29. Where oil operated valves are employed thepassages 21 and 29 and ports 28 may serve to carry away excess oil sothat the valve units will be properly lubricated at all times.

While one embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and describedin detail it will be understood that this isan illustrative detail onlyand is not to be taken as a definition of the scope of the invention,reference being had for this purpose to the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder block formed with a sidewall portion and an integral head portion, the head portion having apair of elongated valve openings therethrough, means forming a passageconnecting the valve openings adjacent their outer ends, the headportion having passages therein adjacent the outer sides of the valveopenings, and there being ports in the head portion connecting saidpassages with the valve openings.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having a head, anelongated valve opening through the head, a lateral port formed in thehead and communicating with the opening centrally of its length, and arelatively small lubricant port formed in the head and communicatingwith the valve opening adjacent to the outer end of the valve opening.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having a head, a pair ofspaced elongated valve openings through the head, the head havingpassage therein communicating with the openings through ports centrallylocated with respect to the length of the openings, relatively smalllubricant ports formed in the head and communicating with the valveopenings adjacent to their outer ends, and means forming a passageconnecting the valve openings adjacent to their outer ends.

KENNETH E. LYMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 893,323 Greuter July 14, 1908930,372 Green Aug. 10, 1909 1,204,995 King Nov. 14, 1916 1,341,227Diamond May 25, 1920 1,482,478 Milligan Feb. 5, 1924 1,617,845 Hall Feb.15, 1927 2,125,106 Gehret July 26, 1938 FOREIGN PATENTS Number CountryDate 349,508 Great Britain of 1931

